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Is the first setence of the stimulus a biconditional statement?

Poem <---> Any work of art that exploits some of the musical characteristics of language.

I know that we can have the any work of art part as the sufficient condition that leads to a necessary condition of a poem. However, can't we also have poem as a sufficient condition as well?

Definitions are always biconditional.

A triangle is a three sided figure with internal angles of 180 degrees.

3 sided & 180 degrees <---> triangle

The sentence you reference is meant to define what a poem is, so yeah it's safe to think of it as a biconditional.