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Does anyone know if it is possible to get into compliance with just 1 year of big law experience? What sort of positions should I be searching for? Any data points?

Yes, it's possible - just depends on what a specific company is looking for. Compliance jobs often don't require a JD, but JDs are typically advantageous and any time in law school might qualify towards work experience requirements. You aren't going to get a senior position in compliance after one year of BigLaw, but you would be a good candidate for plenty of compliance positions.

I know a guy who did this at a well-known fund. Seemed weird to me at the time and everyone thought he was leaving too early, but it's been several years and he's still very very happy with the decision