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I've heard mixed things about the necessity of having a list of references for OCI and callbacks. Do firms generally ask for/actually call them? If so, how many are suggested and from whom?

Some firms do, for me it was listed on Symplicity when choosing who to bid. That said, it was a super small minority. Covington & Burling's the only firm that I know actually called all of my references.

I had three references, one from my 1L summer job (probably do this, I think it makes the most sense), one from the job I had before law school, and one from a professor. If you have one from your 1L summer job and two from past work experience, I'm sure that's fine, as would one from the 1L summer job and two professors. Whoever can speak to your merits best.

Edit: Don't provide a list of references if they don't ask for it.